Fabrikazio gehigarria ezinbesteko teknologia osasunean eta industrian: Euskadi eta Katalunia

Abstract

Azken urteetan, fabrikazio gehigarria (FG) oso azkar garatu da hainbat sektoretan: osasuna, automobilgintza, aeronautika, etab. Aipatutako lehen sektorean, aplikazio anitzetan erabili da: prototipo eta gida kirurgikoak, scaffoldsak, inplanteak. Hobekuntza horiek gaixotasun berriei hobeto aurre egitea ahalbidetuko dute. Industriari dagokionez, fabrikazio gehigarriak aukera ematen die Industria-enpresei produktuak prozesu berri ordezko batzuen bidez fabrikatzeko (produktu eta tresna arinagoak, pertsonalizatuak, etab.), hala nola automobilgintzan edo aeronautikan. Gainera, lehen pieza horien fabrikazio-prozesuaren denbora murrizten da. Artikulu honetan, bi eskualdek (Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoa eta Katalunia), medikuntza eta industria arloetan, fabrikazio gehigarriari lotutako aktibitatea berrikusi egingo da. Osasun-aplikazioei dagokienez, bai Euskadin, bai Katalunian, FGak eragin ekonomiko bera dauka bietan; industriari dagokionez, ordea, Euskadiko ekonomian eragin handiagoa dauka Kataluniarekin alderatuta.; During the last years, Additive Manufacturing (AM) has rapidly developed in several sectors: health, automotive, aeronautics, etc. In the first sector mentioned, it has been applied in different applications: manufacturing surgical planning prototypes and guides, the use of scaffolds 3D printed, implants, etc. These improvements in the medical field will allow to have more tools to deal with new diseases, and consequently, the life expectancy will be higher. Regarding the industry, 3D printing allows the industrial companies to manufacture better products (lightweight, personalised, etc) in automation or aeronautics, for example. Additionally, there is a decrease in the process time. In present study, two different regions have been reviewed (Basque Country and Catalonia) in the medical and industrial sectors. It has been seen that in both areas AM applied to health applications has more or less the same impact in their systems. However, in terms of the industry, the Basque industry has bigger impact in the economy of the Basque Country.