Dietary Intake in Population with Metabolic Syndrome: Is the Prevalence of Inadequate Intake Influenced by Geographical Area? Cross-Sectional Analysis from PREDIMED-Plus Study
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Date
2018-11-04Author
Cano Ibáñez, Naomi
Bueno Cavanillas, Aurora
Martínez González, Miguel Ángel
Corella, Dolores
Salas Salvadó, Jordi
Zomeño Fajardo, María Dolores
García de la Hera, Manoli
Romaguera, Dora
Martínez, J. Alfredo
Barón López, F. Javier
García Ríos, Antonio
Estruch, Ramón
García Molina, Laura
Tur, Josep A.
Tinahones, Francisco J.
Serra Majem, Lluís
Cubelos Fernández, Naiara
Lapetra, José
Vázquez, Clotilde
Pintó, Xavier
Vidal, Josep
Daimiel, Lidia
Gaforio, José Juan
Matía Martín, Pilar
Ros, Emilio
Díez Espino, Javier
Fernández Carrión, Rebeca
Basora, Josep
Fitó, Montserrat
Zazo, Juan Manuel
Colom, Antoni
Toledo, Estefanía
Díaz López, Andrés
Muñoz, Miguel Ángel
Ruiz Canela, Miguel
Gea, Alfredo
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Nutrients 10(11) : (2018) // Article ID 1661
Abstract
Inadequate diet influences chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), the leading cause of death in Spain. CVD figures vary from one geographical region to another; this could be associated with different food choices. Our aim was to analyse the influence of geographical area on nutrient intakes among the Spanish adult population with Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). We analysed cross-sectional baseline data from the PREDIMED-Plus study: 6646 Spanish adults, aged 55⁻75 years, with overweight/obesity and MetS in four geographical areas. A validated 143-item Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) was used to assess energy and nutrient intakes. The prevalence of inadequate nutrient intake was estimated according to Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs). Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between geographical area (North, Central, East and South areas) and inadequate nutrient intake. People in the North area consumed significantly lower amounts of vegetables and fish but more sugar and alcohol (p < 0.001) than other areas. Dietary fibre, vitamin A, E, calcium and magnesium intakes were all lower among men of North area than in the other areas (p < 0.001). Sex (women), non-smoker and physical activity were also associated to adequate nutrient intake. Geographical area influences nutrient intakes. Its effect on dietary quality should be taken into account when planning food policies.
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