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dc.contributor.authorBaña García, Zuriñe
dc.date.accessioned2020-10-20T16:54:35Z
dc.date.available2020-10-20T16:54:35Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.identifier.citationEkaia N. Extra : 253-274 (2020)
dc.identifier.issn0214-9001
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10810/47094
dc.description.abstractSynthetic microplastics (≤ 5 mm) are environmental pollutants found in ever-increasing quantities, accumulating in estuaries and marine systems worldwide, because they cannot be easily degraded. Their abundance, small size, and low density help in their dispersal and transport by ocean currents. These contaminants can reach aquatic systems by pouring widely used products or can be produced from larger plastic debris that is decomposed due to exposure to environmental conditions (freeze thaw, ultraviolet radiation, water currents, etc.). Worldwide annual manufacturing of these plastics has increased greatly over the past decade, and if a solution is not offered soon, the accumulation and expansion of marine microplastics will continue to increase, with the ecological and toxicological effects that it entails. On the one hand, microplastic surface is suitable for colonization of microorganisms that provoke changes in the activity and composition of natural communities, causing changes in biogeochemical cycles. On the other hand, marine animals have a high potential for ingestion of microplastics and chemical contaminants or heavy metals that are adsorbed, which accumulate in their tissues and organs, and that are captured, transferred and bioincremented through trophic networks. In addition, microplastics participate in the dispersion of pathogens, biotoxins and antibiotic resistant genes, and can have a direct effect on public health. In nature, there are microorganisms capable of degrading all or part of the microplastics by enzymes and using them as an energy source. Therefore, identifying microorganisms that can degrade microplastics is a promising strategy to facilitate natural biodegradation and assist in the cleaning of natural ecosystems without causing adverse environmental impacts.; Mikroplastiko sintetikoak (≤ 5 mm) gero eta kantitate handiagoan aurkitzen diren ingurumen-kutsatzaileak dira, mundu osoko estuarioetan eta itsas sistemetan metatzen direnak ezin direlako era errazean degradatu. Mikroplastikoen ugaritasunak, tamaina txikiak eta dentsitate baxuak korronte ozeanikoen bidez sakabanatzen eta garraiatzen laguntzen diete. Kutsatzaile horiek erabilera handiko produktuen isurketaren bidez hel daitezke ur-sistemetara, edota ingurumen-baldintza aldakorren pean (izozte-desizoztea, erradiazio ultramorea, ur-korronteak, eta abar) deskonposatzen diren hondar plastiko handiagoetatik sor daitezke itsasoan bertan. Plastiko horien mundumailako urteroko fabrikazioa asko handitu da azken hamarkadan, eta konponbide bat laster ez bada eskaintzen, itsasoko mikroplastikoen metaketak eta hedapenak handiagotzen jarraituko du, horrek dakartzan ondorio ekologikoekin eta toxikologikoekin. Alde batetik, mikroplastikoak mikroorganismoen kolonizaziorako aproposak diren gainazalak dira, komunitate naturalen aktibitatean eta konposizioan aldaketak sustatzen dituztenak, eta, ondorioz, ziklo biogeokimikoetan aldaketak ere eragiten dituztenak. Beste alde batetik, mikroplastikoak eta adsorbituta daramaten kutsatzaile kimikoak zein metal astunak ingeritzeko potentzial altua dute itsas animaliek, haien ehunetan eta organoetan metatzen baitira, eta harrezkero, sare trofikoetan zehar transferitu eta biohanditu. Gainera, mikroplastikoek patogenoen, biotoxinen eta antibiotikoekiko erresistenteak diren geneen sakabanaketan parte hartzen dute, eta osasun publikoan eragin zuzena izan dezakete. Naturan badaude entzimen bidez mikroplastikoak guztiz edo partzialki degradatzeko eta energia-iturri moduan erabiltzeko gai diren mikroorganismoak. Beraz, mikroplastikoak degrada ditzaketen mikroorganismoak identifikatzea etorkizun handiko estrategia da biodegradazio naturala errazteko eta ekosistema naturalen garbiketan laguntzeko, ingurumenaren aurkako inpakturik eragin gabe.
dc.language.isoeus
dc.publisherServicio Editorial de la Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatearen Argitalpen Zerbitzua
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
dc.titleMikroplastikoen inpaktua, hedapena eta mikroorganismoen bidezko biodegradazioa ozeanoetan
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.rights.holder© 2020 UPV/EHU Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International
dc.identifier.doi10.1387/ekaia.21081


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© 2020 UPV/EHU Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International
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