dc.contributor.author | Medina Alcaide, María Ángeles | |
dc.contributor.author | Garate, Diego | |
dc.contributor.author | Intxaurbe Alberdi, Iñaki | |
dc.contributor.author | Sanchidrián Torti, José Luis | |
dc.contributor.author | Rivero Vilá, Olivia | |
dc.contributor.author | Ferrier, Catherine | |
dc.contributor.author | Mesa, María Dolores | |
dc.contributor.author | Pereña, Jaime | |
dc.contributor.author | Líbano, Iñaki | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-24T09:55:47Z | |
dc.date.available | 2021-06-24T09:55:47Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2021-06-16 | |
dc.identifier.citation | Plos One 16(6) : (2021) // Article ID e0250497 | es_ES |
dc.identifier.issn | 1932-6203 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10810/51997 | |
dc.description.abstract | Artificial lighting was a crucial physical resource for expanding complex social and economic behavior in Paleolithic groups. Furthermore, the control of fire allowed the development of the first symbolic behavior in deep caves, around 176 ky BP. These activities would increase during the Upper Paleolithic, when lighting residues proliferated at these sites. The physical peculiarities of Paleolithic lighting resources are very poorly understood, although this is a key aspect for the study of human activity within caves and other dark contexts. In this work, we characterize the main Paleolithic lighting systems (e.g., wooden torches, portable fat lamps, and fireplaces) through empirical observations and experimental archeology in an endokarstic context. Furthermore, each lighting system’s characteristic combustion residues were identified to achieve a better identification for the archaeological record. The experiments are based on an exhaustive review of archaeological information about this topic. Besides, we apply the estimated luminous data of a Paleolithic cave with Paleolithic art (Atxurra in northern Spain) in 3D through GIS technology to delve into the archeologic implications of illumination in Paleolithic underground activities. | es_ES |
dc.description.sponsorship | This paper has been funded by the research projects “Before art: social investment in symbolic expressions during the Upper Paleolithic in the Iberian Peninsula” (PID2019-107262 GB-I00), PI: Diego Garate, and “Learning and development of artistic abilities in Anatomically Modern Humans; a multidisciplinary approach (ApArt)" HAR2017-87739-P, PI: Olivia Rivero, both funded by the Ministry of Science, Innovation, and Universities (Spain). I.I.’s Ph.D. research is funded by a grant for the training of research personnel (PIF 2019) at the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU). Lastly, this paper publishes a part of M.M.A.'s thesis. This PhD was financed by the Ministry of Education, Culture, and Sport of Spain (FPU fellowship 2014-2018) | es_ES |
dc.language.iso | eng | es_ES |
dc.publisher | Public Library Of Science | es_ES |
dc.relation | info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MICINN/PID2019-107262 GB-I00 | es_ES |
dc.relation | info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MICINN/HAR2017-87739-P | es_ES |
dc.rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess | es_ES |
dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ | * |
dc.subject | artificial lighting | es_ES |
dc.subject | social and economic behavior | es_ES |
dc.subject | Paleolithic | es_ES |
dc.subject | control of fire | es_ES |
dc.subject | first symbolic behavior | es_ES |
dc.subject | lighting residues | es_ES |
dc.subject | caves | es_ES |
dc.subject | dark contexts | es_ES |
dc.subject | endokarstic context | es_ES |
dc.subject | Atxurra | es_ES |
dc.subject | GIS technology | es_ES |
dc.title | The Conquest of the Dark Spaces: an Experimental Approach to Lighting Systems in Paleolithic Caves | es_ES |
dc.type | info:eu-repo/semantics/article | es_ES |
dc.rights.holder | This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) | es_ES |
dc.rights.holder | Atribución 3.0 España | * |
dc.relation.publisherversion | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0250497 | es_ES |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.1371/journal.pone.0250497 | |
dc.departamentoes | Geología | es_ES |
dc.departamentoeu | Geologia | es_ES |