Different Effects of Vitamin C-Based Supplements on the Advance of Linseed Oil Component Oxidation and Lipolysis during In Vitro Gastrointestinal Digestion
dc.contributor.author | Nieva Echevarría, Bárbara | |
dc.contributor.author | Goikoetxea Osés, Encarnación | |
dc.contributor.author | Sopelana Garay, Patricia | |
dc.contributor.author | Guillén Loren, María Dolores | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2022-01-13T09:58:47Z | |
dc.date.available | 2022-01-13T09:58:47Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2021-12-27 | |
dc.identifier.citation | Foods 11(1) : (2022) // Article ID 58 | es_ES |
dc.identifier.issn | 2304-8158 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10810/54934 | |
dc.description.abstract | Although widely consumed, dietary supplements based on Vitamin C contain high doses of this compound, whose impact on lipid oxidation during digestion needs to be addressed. Therefore, the effect of seven commercial supplements and of pure l-ascorbic acid and ascorbyl palmitate on linseed oil during in vitro gastrointestinal digestion was tackled. The advance of lipid oxidation was studied through the generation of oxidation compounds, the degradation of polyunsaturated fatty acyl chains and of gamma-tocopherol, by employing Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. Supplements containing exclusively l-ascorbic acid enhanced the advance of linseed oil oxidation during digestion. This was evidenced by increased formation of linolenic-derived conjugated hydroxy-dienes and alkanals and by the generation of conjugated keto-dienes and reactive alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehydes, such as 4,5-epoxy-2-alkenals; moreover, gamma-tocopherol was completely degraded. Conversely, supplements composed of mixtures of ascorbic acid/salt with citric acid and carotenes, and of ascorbyl palmitate, protected linseed oil against oxidation and reduced gamma-tocopherol degradation. The study through Solid Phase Microextraction-Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry of the volatile compounds of the digests corroborated these findings. Furthermore, a decreased lipid bioaccessibility was noticed in the presence of the highest dose of l-ascorbic acid. Both the chemical form of Vitamin C and the presence of other ingredients in dietary supplements have shown to be of great relevance regarding oxidation and hydrolysis reactions occurring during lipid digestion. | es_ES |
dc.description.sponsorship | This research was funded by the Basque Government (EJ-GV) and its Departments of Universities and Research,(IT-916-16) and of Economic Development and Infrastructures, Area of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food Policy (PA19/02). | es_ES |
dc.language.iso | eng | es_ES |
dc.publisher | MDPI | es_ES |
dc.rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess | es_ES |
dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ | |
dc.subject | vitamin C supplements | es_ES |
dc.subject | ascorbic acid | es_ES |
dc.subject | ascorbyl palmitate | es_ES |
dc.subject | in vitro gastrointestinal digestion | es_ES |
dc.subject | flaxseed oil | es_ES |
dc.subject | lipid oxidation | es_ES |
dc.subject | lipolysis | es_ES |
dc.subject | oxygenated alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehydes | es_ES |
dc.subject | 1H NMR | es_ES |
dc.subject | SPME-GC/MS | es_ES |
dc.title | Different Effects of Vitamin C-Based Supplements on the Advance of Linseed Oil Component Oxidation and Lipolysis during In Vitro Gastrointestinal Digestion | es_ES |
dc.type | info:eu-repo/semantics/article | es_ES |
dc.date.updated | 2022-01-10T14:37:59Z | |
dc.rights.holder | 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). | es_ES |
dc.relation.publisherversion | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/11/1/58/htm | es_ES |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.3390/foods11010058 | |
dc.departamentoes | Farmacia y ciencias de los alimentos | |
dc.departamentoeu | Farmazia eta elikagaien zientziak |
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Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).