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dc.contributor.authorLarraza Arocena, Izaskun
dc.contributor.authorVadillo del Ser, Julen
dc.contributor.authorCalvo Correas, Tamara
dc.contributor.authorTejado, Alvaro
dc.contributor.authorMartín Alberdi, María Dolores
dc.contributor.authorArbelaiz Garmendia, Aitor
dc.contributor.authorEceiza Mendiguren, María Aranzazu
dc.date.accessioned2022-11-16T17:08:55Z
dc.date.available2022-11-16T17:08:55Z
dc.date.issued2022-10-25
dc.identifier.citationPolymers 14(21) : (2022) // Article ID 4516es_ES
dc.identifier.issn2073-4360
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10810/58369
dc.description.abstractIn order to continue the development of inks valid for cold extrusion 3D printing, waterborne, polyurethane–urea (WBPUU) based inks with cellulose nanofibers (CNF), as a rheological modulator, were prepared by two incorporation methods, ex situ and in situ, in which the CNF were added after and during the synthesis process, respectively. Moreover, in order to improve the affinity of the reinforcement with the matrix, modified CNF was also employed. In the ex situ preparation, interactions between CNFs and water prevail over interactions between CNFs and WBPUU nanoparticles, resulting in strong gel-like structures. On the other hand, in situ addition allows the proximity of WBPUU particles and CNF, favoring interactions between both components and allowing the formation of chemical bonds. The fewer amount of CNF/water interactions present in the in situ formulations translates into weaker gel-like structures, with poorer rheological behavior for inks for 3D printing. Stronger gel-like behavior translated into 3D-printed parts with higher precision. However, the direct interactions present between the cellulose and the polyurethane–urea molecules in the in situ preparations, and more so in materials reinforced with carboxylated CNF, result in stronger mechanical properties of the final 3D parts.es_ES
dc.description.sponsorshipFinancial support from the Basque Government (Grupos Consolidados (IT-1690-22), Elkartek (KK19-00048)) is acknowledged.es_ES
dc.language.isoenges_ES
dc.publisherMDPIes_ES
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesses_ES
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectwaterborne polyurethane–ureaes_ES
dc.subject3D printinges_ES
dc.subjectcold extrusiones_ES
dc.subjectcellulose nanofiberses_ES
dc.subjectbioinkses_ES
dc.titleEffect of Cellulose Nanofibers’ Structure and Incorporation Route in Waterborne Polyurethane–Urea Based Nanocomposite Inkses_ES
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlees_ES
dc.date.updated2022-11-10T14:27:59Z
dc.rights.holder© 2022 by the authors.Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/).es_ES
dc.relation.publisherversionhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/21/4516es_ES
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/polym14214516
dc.departamentoesIngeniería química y del medio ambiente
dc.departamentoeuIngeniaritza kimikoa eta ingurumenaren ingeniaritza


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© 2022 by the authors.Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/).
Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as © 2022 by the authors.Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/).