Impact of ionic quantum fluctuations on the thermodynamic stability and superconductivity of LaBH8

Abstract

The recent prediction of a metastable high-symmetry Fm-3m phase of LaBH8 gives hopes to reach high superconducting critical temperatures at affordable pressures among ternary hydrogen-rich compounds. Making use of first-principles calculations within density functional theory and the stochastic self-consistent harmonic approximation, we determine that ionic quantum fluctuations drive the system dynamically unstable below 77 GPa, a much higher pressure than the 45 GPa expected classically. Quantum anharmonic effects stretch the covalent B-H bond in the BH8 units of the structure, and consequently, soften all hydrogen-character modes. Above 77 GPa Fm-3m LaBH8 remains metastable, and interestingly, its superconducting critical temperature is largely enhanced by quantum anharmonic effects, reaching critical temperatures around 160 K at the verge of the dynamical instability. Our results suggest that low-pressure metastable phases with covalently bonded symmetric XH8 units will be destabilized by ionic quantum fluctuations.